Primary Sources

Early Empire

802 Capitulary of Charlemagne
http://avalon.law.yale.edu/medieval/capitula.asp

817 Ordinance of Division of the Empire by Louis the Pious
http://avalon.law.yale.edu/medieval/verdun.asp

950s Liutprand of Cremona, Mission to Constantinople
http://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/source/liudprand1.asp

 

Investiture Contest/Struggle/Controversy

Jan 1076 Henry IV condemns Gregory VII
http://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/Halsall/source/henry4-to-g7a.asp

Feb 1076 Gregory VII deposes and bans Henry IV
http://legacy.fordham.edu/Halsall/source/g7-ban1.asp

Nov 1078 Gregory VII ban slay investitures
http://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/Halsall/source/g7-invest1.asp

March 1080 Gregory VII deposes and bans Henry IV a 2nd time
http://legacy.fordham.edu/Halsall/source/g7-ban2.asp

1095 Peace of God of Henry IV
http://avalon.law.yale.edu/medieval/dechenry.asp

Februarly 1111 Privilege by Paschal II
http://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/Halsall/source/paschal2-priv1.asp

April 1111 Revised Privilege by Paschal II
http://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/Halsall/source/paschal2-priv2.asp

 

The Staufen

1152 and 1157 Peace of the Land by Frederick Barbarossa http://avalon.law.yale.edu/medieval/peace.asp

1158, 1183 Frederick Barbarossa and the Lombards
http://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/Halsall/source/barbarossa-lombards.asp

1160, 1177 Frederick Barbarossa and Alexander III
http://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/Halsall/source/barbarossa1.asp

1198 Sicut Universitatis by Innocent III
http://clc-library-org.tripod.com/sicut.html

1202 Venerabilem fratrem nostrum by Innocent III
http://legalhistorysources.com/ChurchHistory220/Lecture%20Four/ InnocentIIIChurchState.html

13th Cent., Salimbene on Frederick II
http://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/Halsall/source/salimbene1.asp

1229 Letter of Frederick II to Henry of England about the Crusade
http://history.hanover.edu/texts/fifthcru.html

1231 Frederick II Statute in Favor of the Princes
http://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/Halsall/source/fred2-princes.asp

1241 Frederick II’s Imperial Precaria
http://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/Halsall/source/1241Precaria.asp

1245-1246 about Frederick II’s deposition
http://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/Halsall/source/1245FrederickII.asp

 

Later Medieval Empire

1291 Confederation of the Swiss
http://www.lexilogos.com/declaration/suisse_federal_charter.htm

1296 Clericis Laicos by Boniface VIII
http://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/source/b8-clericos.asp

1302 Unam Sanctam by Boniface VIII
http://www.papalencyclicals.net/Bon08/B8unam.htm
http://legalhistorysources.com/ChurchHistory220/LectureEight/UnamSanctam.htm

1310? Dante, De Monarchia
http://oll.libertyfund.org/titles/alighieri-de-monarchia

1324 Marsilius of Padua Defensor Pacis, conclusions
http://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/Halsall/source/marsiglio3.asp

1327 Pope John XII’s condemnation of Marsilius of Padua
http://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/Halsall/source/marsiglio2.asp

1338 Licet Juris of Frankfurt Diet
http://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/Halsall/source/licetjuris.asp

1356 Golden Bull
http://avalon.law.yale.edu/medieval/golden.asp

1417 Decrees of the Council of Constance
http://www.legionofmarytidewater.com/faith/ECUM16.HTM
http://legalhistorysources.com/ChurchHistory220/LectureEight/HaecSancta.htm

1422 Levy of Troops for War in Bohemia
http://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/Halsall/source/imptrooplevy1422.asp

 

A good collection of translated sources is Oliver J. Thatcher and Edgar Holmes McNeal. A Source Book for Mediaeval History: Selected Documents Illustrating the History of Europe in the Middle Age. New York; Chicago; Boston: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1905. This book is electronically accessible here, here, here, here, here, here, here, and in an updated format, here.

The following documents are of interest for Holy Roman Empire history:

8. The imperial coronation of Karl the Great, 800 p. 48

11. Letter of Karl the Great to Baugulf, Abbot of Fulda 787 p. 55

13. Recognition of Karl by the emperors at Constantinople, 812 p. 57

14. Letter of Karl to emperor Michael I, 813 p. 58

16. The Strassburg oaths [Nithard], 842 p. 60

17. The treaty of Verdun [Annales Bertiniani], 843 p. 62

18. The treaty of Verdun [Regino], 843 p. 63

19. The treaty of Meersen, 870 p. 64

20. Invasions of the Northmen, end of the ninth century [Annals of Fulda], 883-885, p. 65 [armies led by Archbishop Liutbert of Mainz]

21. Invasion of the Hungarians [Thietmar of Merseburg], ca, 950 65 [Bishop Michael of Regensburg lost]

22. Dissolution of the empire. [Regino], 879-888 p. 66

23. The coronation of Amulf [Regino], 896 p. 69

24. Rise of the tribal duchies in Germany, Saxony [Widukind], ca, 900 p. 69

25. Rise of the tribal duchies, Swabia [Annales Alemanici], 911-195 p. 70

26. Henry I and the Saxon cities [Widukind], 919-36 p. 71

27. The election of Otto I [Widukind], 936 p. 72

28. Otto I and the Hungarians [Widukind], 955 p. 75

29. The imperial coronation of Otto I [Cont. Regino], 962 p. 78

30. The acquisition of Burgundy [Thietmar of Merseburg], 1018-1032 p. 79

31. The acquisition of Burgundy [Wipo, Life of Conrad II], 1018-1032 p. 79

32. Henry III and the eastern frontier [Lambert], 1040-1043, p. 80

SECTION II. The Papacy to the Accession of Gregory VII

46. Promise of Charlemagne to Hadrian I about the Donation of Pepin, 774 p. 105

47. Letter of Karl to Leo III, declares the pope has only spiritual duties, 796 p. 107

48. Karl exercises authority in Rome [Einhard], 800 p. 108

49. Oath of Leo III before Charlemagne, 800 p. 108

50. Oath of the Romans to Ludwig the Pious and Lothar, 824 p. 109

51. Letter of Ludwig II defending imperial title to Basil, emperor at Constantinople, 871 p. 110

52. Papal elections to be held in the presence of the emperor's representatives, 898 p. 113

53. Oath of Otto I to John XII, 961 p. 114

54. Otto I confirms the pope in the possession of his lands, 962 p. 115

55. Leo VIII grants the emperor the right to choose popes, 963 p.118

56. Letter of Sylvester II to Stephen of Hungary conferring crown, 1000 p. 119

57. Henry III deposes and creates popes [Annales Romani], 1048 p. 121

58. Oath of Robert Guiscard to Nicholas II [Baronius, Annals], 1059 p. 124

59. Papal election decree of Nicholas II, 1059 126

Section III. The Struggle between the Empire and the Papacy, 1073-1250

60-64. Prohibition of simony and marriage of the clergy, 1074 p. 132

65. Dictatus papae, ca. 1090 p. 136

66. Letter of Gregory VII commending his legates, 1074 p. 139

67. Oath of the patriarch of Aquileia to Gregoiy VII, 1079 . . 140

68. Oath of Richard of Capua to Gregory VII, 1073 p. 140

69. Letter of Gregory VII to the princes wishing to reconquer Spain, 1073 p. 142

70. Letter of Gregory VII to Wratislav, duke of Bohemia, 1073 p. 143

71. Letter of Gregory VII to Sancho, king of Aragon, 1074 p. 143

72. Letter of Gregory VII to Solomon, king of Hungary, 1074 p. 144

73. Letter of Gregory VII to Demetrius, king of Russia, 1075 p. 145

74. Letter of Gregory VII to Henry IV, December 1075 p. 146

75. Deposition of Gregory VII by Heniy IV, January 1076 p. 151

76. Letter of the bishops of Germany to Gregory VII, January 1076 153

77. First deposition and excommunication of Henry IV by Gregory VII, February 1076 p. 156

78. Agreement at Oppenheim, October 1076 p. 156

79. Edict annulling the decrees against Gregory VII, 1076 p. 157

80. Letter of Gregory VII concerning the penance of Henry IV at Canossa, 1077 p. 157

81. Oath of Henry IV p. 160

82. Countess Matilda gives her lands to the church, 1102 . . 160

83. First privilege of Paschal II to Henry V, February 1111 p. 161

84. Second privilege of Paschal II to Henry V, April 1111 p. 163

85-86. Concordat of Worms, 1122 p. 164

87. Election notice for a new king, 1125 p. 166

89. Coronation oath of Lothar II, 1133 p. 169

90. Innocent II grants the lands of Countess Matilda to Lothar II, 1133 p. 170

91. letter of Bernard of Clairvaux to Lothar II, 1134 p. 171

92. letter of Bernard of Clairvaux to Conrad III, 1140 p. 172

93. letter of Conrad III to John Comnenus, 1142 p. 173

94. letter of Wibald, abbot of Stablo, to Eugene III, 1150 p. 174

95. Letter of Frederick I to Eugene III, 1152 176

96. Answer of Eugene III, 1152 p. 178

97. Treaty of Constance, 1153 p. 178

98. The Stirrup Episode [Lives of the Popes], p. 1155

99. Treaty of Hadrian IV and William of Sicily, 1156 p. 181

100-102. The Besancon Episode 1157 p. 183

103. Definition of regalia, Diet at Roncalia, 1158 p. 188

104. Letter of Eberhard, bishop of Bamberg, about imperial-papal quarrel, 1159 p. 190

105. Letter of Alexander III in regard to disputed papal election of 1159 p. 192

106. Letter of Victor IV, 1159 p. 194

107. An Account given by Gerhoh of Reichersberg, ca, 1160 p. 196

108. Preliminary treaty of Anagni, 1176 p. 196

109. Peace of Constance, 1183 p. 199

110. Formation of the duchy of Austria, 1156 p. 202

111. The bishop of Wuerzburg becomes a duke, 1168 p. 203

112. Decree of Gelnhausen, 1180, p. 205

113. Papal election decree of Alexander III, 1179 p. 207

114. Innocent III to Acerbius on supremacy of papal power, 1198 p. 208

123. Oath of the prefect of Rome to Innocent III, 1198 p. 214

128. Innocent III grants the title of king to the duke of Bohemia, 1204 p. 218

130. Innocent III decides the disputed election, 1201 p. 220

131. Treaty between Philip of Swabia and Philip II of France, 1108 p. 227

132. Alliance between Otto IV and John of England, 1202 p. 228

133. Concessions of Philip of Swabia to Innocent III, 1203p. 228

134. Promise of Frederick II to Innocent III, 1213 p. 230

135. Promise of Frederick II to resign Sicily, 1216 p. 232

136. Concessions of Frederick II to the ecclesiastical princes, 1220 p. 233

137. Decision of the diet concerning new tolls and mints, 1220 p. 236

138. Frederick II gives a charter to the patriarch of Aquileia, 1220 p. 237

139. Statute of Frederick II in favor of the princes, 1231-1232 p. 238

140-143. Treaty of San Germano, 1230 p. 240

143-144. Struggle between Gregory IX and Frederick II, 1238 p. 245

145. Current stories about Frederick II [Matthew of Paris], 1238 p. 256

Section IV. The Empire, 1250-1500

146. Diet of Nuremburg, 1274 p. 260

147. The German princes confirm Rudolf’s surrender of Italy, 1278-1279 p. 263

148. Revocation of grants of imperial lands, 1281 p. 265

149. Electoral ''letter of consent," 1282 p. 265

150. Letter of Rudolf to Edward I of England, 1283 p. 266

151. Decree against counterfeiters, 1285 p. 267

152. The beginning of the Swiss confederation, 1290 p. 267

153. Concessions of Adolf of Nassau to the archbishop of Cologne, 1292 p. 270

154. The archbishop of Mainz confirmed as archchancellor of Germany, 1298 p. 276

155. Declaration of the election of Henry VII, 1308 p. 277

156. Supplying of the office of archchancellor of Italy, 1310 . 278

157. The law "Licet juris," 1338 p. 279

158. The diet of Coblenz, 1338. p. 281

159. The diet of Coblenz. Chronicle of Henxy Knyghton p. 282

160. The Golden Bull of Charles IV, 1356 p. 283

160a-b. Brandenburg goes to the Hohenzollern, 1411 p. 800

V. The Church, 1260-1500

171. Council of Constance claims supreme authority, 1415 p. 328

172. Reforms demanded by the council of Constance, 1417 p. 329

173. Concerning general councils, council of Constance, 1417 p. 331

174. Bull “Execrabilis” of Pius II, 1459 p. 332

178. Complaints [Gravamina] of the Germans against the pope, 1510p. 336

179. Abuses in the sale of indulgences, 1512 338

230. Feudal law of Frederick I for Italy [Deeds of Frederick], 1158 p. 385

Section VII. Courts, Judicial Processes, and the Peace

231. Sachsenspiegel, 1215-1276 p. 391

232. Frederick II appoints a justiciar and a court secretary, 1235 p. 398

233. Peace of Eger, 1389 p. 399

245. Peace of the land, Henry IV, 1103 p. 419

246. Peace of the land for Elsass, 1085-1103 p. 419

247. Decree of Frederick I concerning the peace, 1156 p. 422

248. Peace of the land for Italy, Frederick I, 1158 p. 425

249. Perpetual peace of the land, Maximilian I, 1495 p. 427

250. Establishment of a supreme court, 1495 p. 430

Section X. Social Classes and Cities in Germany

289. Otto III forbids the unfree classes to attempt to free themselves, ca, 1000 p. 545

290. Henry I frees a serf, 926 p. 546

291. Henry III frees a female serf, 1050 p. 547

292. Recovery of fugitive serfs, 1224 p. 548

293. Rank of children born of mixed marriages, 1282 p. 549

294. Frederick II confers nobility, ca. 1240 p. 549

295. Charles IV confers nobility on a ''doctor of both laws," 1360 p. 550

296. law of the family of the bishop of Worms, 1023 p. 551

297. Charter of the ministerials of the archbishop of Cologne, 1154 p. 563

298. The bishop of Hamburg; grants a charter to colonists, 1106 p. 572

299. Privilege of Frederick I for the Jews, 1157 p. 573

300. The bishop of Speyer grants a charter to the Jews, 1084 p. 577

301. Lothar II grants a market to the monastery of Priim, 861 p. 579

302. Otto I grants a market to the archbishop of Hamburg, 965 p. 580

303. Otto III grants a market to count Berthold, 999 p. 581

304. Merchants cannot be compelled to come to a market, 1236 p. 581

305. Market courts to be independent of local courts, 1218 p. 582

306. Otto I grants jurisdiction over a town to the abbots of New Corvey, 940 p. 682

307. The ban-mile, 1237 p. 583

308. Citizens of Cologne expel their archbishop, 1074 p. 584

309. People of Cologne rebel against their archbishop, 1074 p. 585

310. Confirmation of the "immediateness" of the citizens of Speyer, 1267 p. 580

311. Summons to an imperial city to attend a diet, 1338 p. 587

312. Grant of municipal freedom to a town by the Bishop of Münster. 1201 p. 587

313. Extension of the corporate limits of the city of Brunswick, 1269 p. 588

314. Decision of the diet about city councils in cathedral towns, 1218 p. 689

315. Frederick II forbids municipal freedom, 1231-1232 p. 590

318-319. Establishment of the Rhine League, 1254 p. 604

320-321. Agreements between Hamburg and Lubeck, ca. 1230, 609

322. Lubeck, Rostock, and Wismar proscribe pirates, 1399 p. 610

323-324. Decrees of the Hanseatic league, 1260-1264 p. 611

 

 Last updated 2019 March 6